{"id":2225,"date":"2017-03-20T04:00:37","date_gmt":"2017-03-20T08:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.woodturningpens.com\/?p=2225"},"modified":"2017-01-23T18:14:09","modified_gmt":"2017-01-23T23:14:09","slug":"wenge","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.woodturningpens.com\/wenge\/","title":{"rendered":"Wenge"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Geographic Distribution<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Among botanists and other scientists interested in trees and the wood they yield, Wenge is known as Millettia laurentii<\/em>.  A closely related species is M. stuhlmannii<\/em>, sometimes sold as Panga Panga, which yields a wood that is similar in appearance, however it is native to eastern Africa.<\/p>\n

Millettia laurentii <\/em>is native to central-west Africa, being harvested from the eastern parts of Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon and the western parts of the Central African Republic, the Congo Republic, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Gabon and Congo are by far the largest exporters of M. laurentii.<\/em>  Cameroon exports much smaller quantities of sawn lumber but actual logs of Millettia laurentii <\/em>require a special license to export from the country.  The other nations in which this species grows export smaller amounts of material.  This is due both to the existence of other viable resources, such as petroleum in Equatorial Guinea, as well as civil unrest and violence in both the Central African Republic and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.<\/p>\n

For the sake of simplicity and common understanding, I will refer to M. laurentii <\/em>from this point forward as Wenge.<\/p>\n

I have written about Wenge in the past<\/a> in reference to making a bowl from a larger blank.  This post will serve to update the information to the most current as of 2017 and to standardize the format to be consistent with other posts about specific turning woods.<\/p>\n

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Wenge<\/p><\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

General Characteristics<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Wenge is an interesting wood for many reasons, but one of the more unusual characteristics of this wood is that the heartwood is a pale yellow when freshly cut but it then fairly quickly darkens to its signature appearance: medium brown, sometimes with a reddish or yellowish hue, with nearly black streaks throughout.  This striped appearance is the primary motive for woodworkers interest in this wood.<\/p>\n

In addition, the application of a wood finish, particularly an oil finish, can cause the wood to become nearly black, and this allows it to be used as a substitute for the rarer and more expensive African, or Gaboon*, Ebony.<\/p>\n

The sapwood remains a pale yellow color and is between 2cm and 5cm wide.  It is very rare to find Wenge samples that feature any remnants of sapwood.<\/p>\n

The grain of Wenge is straight.  The texture is very coarse and there is little to no natural luster.<\/p>\n

The endgrain of a Wenge board presents as diffuse and porous with large pores in no specific arrangement.  Brown mineral deposits are occasionally present.  The growth rings are distinct.<\/p>\n

Wenge is very durable in terms of its resistance to fungal rot and it is also resistant to termite attack.  These characteristics make is a favored utility wood in its native range although the commercial value of the wood when exported is generally to high to allow for these uses outside its native range.<\/p>\n

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Wenge Detail<\/p><\/div>\n

Working Characteristics<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Wenge is a lovely wood to look at, but honestly, it is frankly difficult to work with either hand or machine powered tools.  While it can be worked and sawn, force is required.  Cutting edges will blunt very quickly so frequent sharpening is essential to any measure of success.  The use of stellite-tipped sawteeth and tungsten-carbide tipped cutting tools are recommended as alternatives that are likely to increase success when working with Wenge.<\/p>\n

To further increase the joys of working with Wenge, bear in mind that it will sand unevenly due to differences in density between light and dark areas of the wood.<\/p>\n

If you intend to nail or screw Wenge remember that it has a remarkable tendency to split, so pre-drill even the smallest of nail or screw holes.<\/p>\n

Gluing and\/or finishing Wenge is also difficult because of the presence of resin cells.  The use of filler is said to increase the acceptability of the results markedly, but bear in mind that the very large pores are difficult to fill if you are aiming for a perfectly smooth or level finish.<\/p>\n

As a final disincentive, Wenge has a bitter, although slight, scent when freshly worked or cut.<\/p>\n

Be wary when handling unfinished wood because its brittle nature lends itself to splinters that often rapidly become infected.<\/p>\n

Other than all that, have a great time working with Wenge!<\/p>\n

Pricing and Availability<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Wenge is generally available as wide boards as well as in veneer formats.  Very occasionally turning blanks larger than pen blank size will be available.  However, Wenge is extremely expensive and it is only expected to increase in price as supplies in the wild diminish steadily.<\/p>\n

In this blog, I always recommend several vendors with whom I have done considerable business and in whom I have great confidence.  These vendors are: West Penn Hardwoods<\/a>, Bell Forest Products<\/a>, NC Wood<\/a>, Got Wood?<\/a>, and WoodTurningz<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Of these fine vendors, West Penn Hardwoods, Bell Forest Products, and WoodTurningz currently stock various forms of Wenge.<\/p>\n

West Penn Hardwoods does not have any Wenge bowl blanks at this time, but they do have spindle blanks, including pen blanks, and lumber.  Pen blanks are $2.00 when you buy 10 minimum and lumber is $15.75\/bf.  Bell Forest Products stocks lumber ($16.90\/bf) as well as a wide range of turning blanks, mostly smaller spindle sizes, but also an impressive 8”x8”x3” bowl blank selling for $59.  Finally WoodTurningz offers three sizes of Wenge, ranging from pen blank through 3”x3”x12” spindle for $19.95 to a smallish 6”x6”x2” bowl blank for $17.50<\/p>\n

As to which vendor would be best I can’t say, but I would suggest that an interested buyer look at all the options, consider shipping distances and prices, as well as other items that might be of interest from any one seller before selecting a vendor.  I’ve had excellent experiences will all of these vendors and would feel confident purchasing Wenge from any of them.<\/p>\n

Woodfinder <\/a>is an excellent website that is dedicated to advertising wood dealers.  In your search for Wenge, this can be an invaluable resource provided you use multiple search terms to capture all the possible listings.  I can’t speak to the quality of any of the listed dealers, but Woodfinder does have the advantage of allowing searches to be performed based on location which might allow an interested buyer to visit a listed wood dealer in person to hand pick pieces at a comfortable price.<\/p>\n

A significant problem with using Woodfinder is that many vendors are listed for woods that, upon further investigation, they do not offer.  I don’t know if perhaps once they did and they didn’t update their listings or if some vendors use a standardized list of woods that include most everything conceivable with the idea that once you land on their page you will find something you want to buy even if you didn’t know it beforehand.  It happens to me all the time!<\/p>\n

Uses<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The common uses for Wenge depend entirely on where in the world you are.  For example, in its native range, Wenge finds use in heavy flooring, heavy construction, mine props, vehicle bodies, implements, boxes, and crates.  Wenge is also popular for the production of sculptures, masks and drums.<\/p>\n

The extremely high price and relative scarcity of Wenge would prohibit its use for such purposes in the western world.<\/p>\n

In the western world, Wenge finds uses more typical of an expensive imported exotic hardwood.  Such uses include, but are likely not limited to: interior and exterior joinery, interior and exterior paneling, cabinet work, decorative furniture, sporting goods, toys, novelties, railway sleepers, carving, turnery and sliced veneer.  Wenge tends to be in high demand for decorative furniture and parquet flooring. It is also used for high-quality musical instruments, especially guitars and some drum sets, for which it is said to give a good and strong tone.<\/p>\n

Wenge, when powdered, is also used as a fish and arrow poison as well as having human medicinal uses in its native areas.<\/p>\n

Sustainability<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Wenge is not listed as being in any way threatened or endangered by the Convention in International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Appendices<\/a> But it does appear on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List<\/a> as Endangered.  The IUCN listing is due to populations losses of up to 50% in the past three generations due to habitat loss and harvesting.  On the bright side however, Wenge is widely planted as an ornamental tree in its range, most notably as shade trees along major streets and in parks in Brazzaville, the capital city of the Republic of Congo.<\/p>\n

To the best of my knowledge, Wenge is not subject to any special restrictions by any United States government agency.<\/p>\n

I realize that inherent in working with wood is the killing of a part of the natural world that may be slow to return and if I become deeply concerned about this fact, I will have to find a new hobby.  I hope that such a time does not come to pass or at least not any time soon.  In part because I am concerned about legally and responsibly obtained wood, I am reluctant to buy from sellers outside of well-established and known vendors.  I am highly unlikely, for example, to purchase any wood from auction sites, such as Ebay, because of uncertain sourcing and documentation, as well as the potential, even likelihood, of material being misidentified in order to achieve a higher selling price.<\/p>\n

However, due to the commercial scarcity of some domestic woods, resorting to auction sites such as Ebay or Etsy may be the only way to obtain some desirable domestic, or in some cases exotic imported, species that are not routinely commercially harvested.  The potential risks of buying in these marketplaces have to be balanced against the desire to work with a specific species of wood.  That is inherently an individual decision.<\/p>\n

I also realize that many, if not most, wood workers do not have endangered species lists memorized, therefore I think it worthwhile and important to do even a small amount of research before purchasing any lumber, domestic as well as imported, to be certain of the potential impact you are having, even in a small way, on threatened or endangered populations.  This information is easy to come by and takes only minutes to locate through any Internet search engine, including those you can access on your phone as you are standing in the lumber yard or store.  Unfortunately, you simply cannot count on a vendor to tell you a product they are selling is endangered.<\/p>\n

Health Hazards<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Severe adverse reactions to Wenge are thought to be quite uncommon, however breathing Wenge wood dust has been reported to cause central nervous system effects, abdominal cramps, and irritation of the skin and eyes.  In addition, Wenge is a sensitizer so the longer that one is exposed the more likely a negative reaction becomes.<\/p>\n

A specific compound, a type of chemical known as a quinone, has been isolated from Wenge and it is believed to be a contact allergen.<\/p>\n

Perhaps the greatest health risk known to be associated with Wenge is septic splinter wounds.  Wenge, in its unfinished state, is extremely brittle and it is practically impossible to not acquire splinters when handling the wood with bare hands.  These splinters from Wenge, for reasons not known, are much more likely to become septic, or infected, than splinters from other woods and the wounds, even if not infected, take longer to heal than wounds caused by splinters from other woods.  Always use gloves when handling and working with unfinished Wenge lumber and turning blanks.<\/p>\n

In addition, the long-term negative effects of exposure to sawdust of any species are well documented.<\/p>\n

It is important to remember that although many people may, or may not, be sensitive to any given wood the only experience that truly counts is your own, so use reported side effects as guidance but not as a substitute for cautious and safe practices.  After all, despite a lack of reported major health effects, turning a bowl blank of Timborana almost killed me through immediate respiratory distress followed by a multiple week long illness, so caution is ALWAYS warranted.<\/p>\n

Appropriate protective equipment is therefore always recommended when working with this, or any other, wood, exotic or domestic, unless you have worked with the species before and are certain you are not sensitive to it.<\/p>\n

But also bear in mind that many of the negative health effects, although certainly not all of them, are associated with high volume contact among industrial users working in mills and other processing facilities where the amount of contact with dust and wood is much higher than would ever be realistic for a hobbyist user.<\/p>\n

Complete information about health hazards<\/a> associated with a wide variety of exotic hardwoods is available from The Wood Database<\/a>.  Additional information about how to best use a dust collection system and personal protective equipment, such as respirators, can also be found through this excellent and comprehensive resource<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Fortunately, I experienced no negative side effects when working with Wenge.<\/p>\n

My Personal Experiences                        <\/strong><\/h2>\n

I have worked with Wenge before, in bowl blank format, and I don’t recall that I was thrilled with the experience due to the incredible hardness of the wood and the extreme difficulty in achieving anything remotely resembling a decent finish.  However, I thought that in pen blank format the difficulties would be minimized, and as I had the material I figured I might as well use it.<\/p>\n

Wenge is obviously hard and dense and to compound the potential difficulties, the piece I was working with was cut on a diagonal to increase the visual appeal of the stripes, but this also meant that I was not consistently turning with the grain of the wood, and that always makes the process more difficult.<\/p>\n

Knowing how brittle and hard Wenge is, I was very cautious in making the bores for the pen parts.  Slow and cautious won the day but I was nervous about it.<\/p>\n

Under just about any circumstance, I prefer to turn really hard woods on the lathe because it is usually simple to achieve a very nice cut and finish without the need for a great deal of sanding as happens with softer woods.  However, none of that really applies with Wenge because the wood is so brittle while also being hard.  And, as noted above, the diagonal cut increased the tendency to break.  Therefore, I had a terrible time achieving a decent cut finish on the Wenge blank and it is practically impossible to sand both because it is so dense and because of the differential densities between the lighter and darker areas of the wood.  I confess that the blank moved on to finishing before it really should have, but I couldn’t see a practical way to improve the outcomes with such a difficult wood to work with in the first place.<\/p>\n

For a finish I chose to apply cyanoacrylate because that is my go-to choice for a high gloss and durable finish on a pen that needs to withstand frequent handling and being tossed in a drawer and\/or a purse.  As was true of the rest of the experience of working with Wenge, the finish process was not smooth, in part because the surface of the blank was not as smooth as it should have been, and that affected the ability of the finish to flow on evenly.  In the end, it wasn’t the greatest finishing disaster I have ever had, but it certainly wasn’t a resounding success either.<\/p>\n

To be frank and honest, I don’t care to work with Wenge.  I think that was already clear, but just in case there was any doubt, I won’t be purchasing any more of it and I wouldn’t be opposed to selling whatever small stocks I have left over.  For me, the challenges and frustrations of working with Wenge simply are not outweighed by the complexities and challenges of working with it.  There are too many other beautiful, and reasonable to work with, non-endangered, and inexpensive woods in the world (cherry and maple both come to mind) for me to struggle with a material as obstinate as Wenge.  To its fans I wish much luck and joy, but I will not count myself amongst you.<\/p>\n

As always, I wish all my readers a great experience in whatever their wood working interests happen to be and to those who like working with lathes especially, do a good turn today!<\/p>\n

*I am aware that the correct spelling of the modern nation state of Gabon lacks the second “o” that is found in the spelling of the common name of the wood yielded by Diospyros crassiflora<\/em>.  However, the common name of the wood came into widespread use before the spelling of the modern nation state was standardized, instead being taken from the spelling used by the then French colonial powers.<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

To be frank and honest, I don\u2019t care to work with Wenge. I think that was already clear, but just in case there was any doubt, I won\u2019t be purchasing any more of it and I wouldn\u2019t be opposed to selling whatever small stocks I have left over. For me, the challenges and frustrations of working with Wenge simply are not outweighed by the complexities and challenges of working with it. There are too many other beautiful, and reasonable to work with, non-endangered, and inexpensive woods in the world (cherry and maple both come to mind) for me to struggle with a material as obstinate as Wenge. To its fans I wish much luck and joy, but I will not count myself amongst you.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":175,"featured_media":2200,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[141,138,130],"tags":[144,151,171,180,183,188,200,214,217,234,235,247,249],"yoast_head":"\nWenge - Wood Turning Pens ..<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Wenge is an incredibly hard and dense African wood that features stripes of light and dark, almost black, wood throughout, it's visually striking and unique\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.woodturningpens.com\/wenge\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Wenge - Wood Turning Pens ..\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Wenge is an incredibly hard and dense African wood that features stripes of light and dark, almost black, wood throughout, it's visually striking and unique\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.woodturningpens.com\/wenge\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Wood Turning Pens ..\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-03-20T08:00:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-01-23T23:14:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.woodturningpens.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/Wenge.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"928\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Wood_Pens\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Wood_Pens\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"14 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.woodturningpens.com\/wenge\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.woodturningpens.com\/wenge\/\",\"name\":\"Wenge - 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