{"id":2287,"date":"2017-05-01T04:00:43","date_gmt":"2017-05-01T08:00:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.woodturningpens.com\/?p=2287"},"modified":"2017-02-22T15:29:33","modified_gmt":"2017-02-22T20:29:33","slug":"2287-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.woodturningpens.com\/2287-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Bradford Pear"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Geographic Distribution<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The widely used ornamental tree known as “Bradford Pear” or “Callery Pear” is known to botanists as Pyrus calleryana<\/em>.<\/p>\n

P. calleryana<\/em> is native to China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and Vietnam. This species of pear bears only very small fruits that only ripen under frost condition, at which point they are consumed by birds and other animals, only rarely by people.<\/p>\n

By contrast, P. communis<\/em>, the “European” or common pear bears the widely distributed and edible fruit and is a native of Central and Eastern Europe and southwest Asia.  All of the different varieties of edible pear are all borne by trees of the same species, P. communis<\/em>, with the variations accounted for by different varieties within the species and perhaps, in some cases, by recognized subspecies.<\/p>\n

Due to its showy white flowers which bloom prolifically in spring and due to its rapid and tidy growth habit, P. calleryana<\/em> is a common landscaping tree in most of the eastern United States.  It can be found as far north as Massachusetts and New York, south through Florida, and east as far as the Mississippi River and further east in the southern states, extending into Oklahoma and Texas.<\/p>\n

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Bradford Pear Trees<\/p><\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

While it was originally believed that the P. calleryana<\/em> imported into the United States as ornamental trees were sterile, being selected for male trees only, the tree has cross-pollinated successfully and spread prolifically, often taking over otherwise fallow fields and crowding out native plants and trees.  In addition, it would be a rare case for a P. calleryana<\/em> tree to live longer than 25 years.  The rapid growth leads to weakly supported limbs that frequently fall victim to wind, snow, or simply their own weight, breaking off at, and at times including, part of the trunk which leads to the death of the entire tree.<\/p>\n

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Bradford Pear Tree Damage<\/p><\/div>\n

Although there has been no official government action taken at the state or federal level, responsible gardening professionals and associations actively campaign against the further planting of P. calleryana<\/em> specimen trees and further encourage owners to remove existing examples.  If followed, this advice could prove a boon to wood workers as Pyrus<\/em> wood makes beautiful material for wood turning and other wood working activities, while also removing a pest tree.<\/p>\n

P. communis<\/em> is very widely distributed throughout the United States and into Canada where it is grown for fruit production and for ornamentation. It is reported by the United States Department of Agriculture to be present in all but 11 states, although I would imagine that this understates reality slightly, as well as being present in at least three Canadian provinces.<\/p>\n

For the sake of simplicity and common understanding, I will refer to from this point forward as Bradford Pear.<\/p>\n

The detailed information that follows is mostly taken from data specific to P. communis<\/em> but is still applicable to P. calleryana<\/em>.<\/p>\n

General Characteristics<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The Bradford Pear heartwood color ranges from a pale pink to a light reddish brown.  In general, the sapwood color is slightly paler but in most cases it is not distinct from the heartwood.  The pink color can be made deeper through the use of steam.  In some cases, a completely opposite effect is sought in which Pear wood of any species is dyed black and used as substitute for the much rare, restricted, and expensive ebony (Diospyros spp).<\/p>\n

Bradford Pear usually features a straight grain with a uniformly very fine texture once properly surfaced.<\/p>\n

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Bradford Pear Blanks<\/p><\/div>\n

The endgrain of the Bradford Pear presents as diffuse and porous as very small pores in no specific arrangement.  The heartwood occasionally has mineral and\/or gum deposits present.  The growth rings are distinct but the rays are not visible without a lens.<\/p>\n

The wood of the Bradford Pear is rated as non-durable in terms of its ability to resist fungal rot.<\/p>\n

Working Characteristics<\/strong><\/h2>\n

In general, Bradford Pear, as well as other species of Pear, is considered to be an easy wood to work with both hand and machine powered tools.<\/p>\n

Bradford Pear is known to be an excellent turning wood.<\/p>\n

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Bradford Pear Interior<\/p><\/div>\n

Bradford Pear also glues well and is easy to finish.<\/p>\n

While some sources claim that Bradford Pear wood features no distinctive scent when freshly cut or turned, my experience argues otherwise with freshly turned fairly green Bradford Pear wood smelling distinctly of, you guessed it, pears.<\/p>\n

Pricing and Availability<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Common pear is a well-known, popular, and high-end premium hardwood in its native Europe.  In the United States, pear wood of any time is only available in very limited quantities, if at all.  In most cases, the larger logs are turned into veneer for architectural purposes.  Because of this, one must be prepared to pay very high prices for the limited supplies of Pear veener or lumber.<\/p>\n

However, the situation is a bit murkier for Bradford Pear specifically.  Bradford Pear is not generally commercially harvested as a timber wood, being restricted in most cases to landscape specimens, however, hobbyist suppliers, or commercial tree services, may occasionally have Bradford Pear turning blanks that have been processed by smaller scale mills that specialize in hobby and craft lumber and turning blanks.  Prices will vary with availability and quality, but one should expect prices to be higher for Bradford Pear wood, when available, than for other, more common, domestic hardwoods.<\/p>\n

In this blog, I always recommend a range of vendors with whom I have done considerable business and in whom I have great confidence.  These vendors are: West Penn Hardwoods<\/a>, Bell Forest Products,<\/a> NC Wood<\/a>, Got Wood<\/a>, WoodTurningz<\/a>, Woodturningblanks4U<\/a>, Amazon Exotic Hardwoods<\/a>, Exotic Woods USA<\/a>, and Griffin Exotic Wood<\/a>.  Each vendor offers their own unique specialty products with varying strengths, but I would feel confident buying wood from any of these companies.<\/p>\n

Of these vendors, only the great guys over at Got Wood offer any Bradford Pear at this time and their stock is limited to whopping total of four 2”x2”x8” spindle blanks.  This was my source for several smaller, 6”x2” turning rounds, in the past but supplies continue to be extremely limited and I count myself lucky to have obtained any at all at the time I did.  Knowing the scarcity of Bradford Pear, I purchased the entire stock over a year ago and it has not been replenished nor can I locate another source for the material.<\/p>\n

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Bradford Pear Exterior<\/p><\/div>\n

Woodfinder <\/a>is an excellent website that is dedicated to advertising wood dealers.  In your search for Bradford Pear, this can be an invaluable resource provided you use multiple search terms to capture all the possible listings.  I can’t speak to the quality of any of the listed dealers, but Woodfinder does have the advantage of allowing searches to be performed based on location which might allow an interested buyer to visit a listed wood dealer in person to hand pick pieces at a comfortable price.<\/p>\n

A significant problem with using Woodfinder is that many vendors are listed for woods that, upon further investigation, they do not offer.  I don’t know if perhaps once they did and they didn’t update their listings or if some vendors use a standardized list of woods that include most everything conceivable with the idea that once you land on their page you will find something you want to buy even if you didn’t know it beforehand.  It happens to me all the time!<\/p>\n

Uses<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Some sources say that Europeans use Pear wood in much the same way that Americans use Black Cherry<\/a>, but this is not broadly applicable to Bradford Pear.<\/p>\n

European Pear is, as noted previously, mostly used as a veneer, but it also finds application as: architectural millwork, marquetry, inlay, carving, musical instruments, furniture, cabinetry, and turned objects.<\/p>\n

In my experience, Bradford Pear is used only for craft purposes including the making of fine turned objects such as pens, bowls, spice mills, duck calls, and perhaps for carved items such as gun and knife grips.<\/p>\n

Sustainability<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Bradford Pear is not listed as being in any way threatened or endangered by the Convention in International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Appendices<\/a> nor does it appear on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List<\/a>.<\/p>\n

To the best of my knowledge, Bradford Pear is not subject to any special restrictions by any United States government agency.<\/p>\n

I realize that inherent in working with wood is the killing of a part of the natural world that may be slow to return and if I become deeply concerned about this fact, I will have to find a new hobby.  I hope that such a time does not come to pass or at least not any time soon.  In part because I am concerned about legally and responsibly obtained wood, I am reluctant to buy from sellers outside of well-established and known vendors.  I am highly unlikely, for example, to purchase any wood from auction sites, such as Ebay, because of uncertain sourcing and documentation, as well as the potential, even likelihood, of material being misidentified in order to achieve a higher selling price.<\/p>\n

However, due to the commercial scarcity of some domestic woods, resorting to auction sites such as Ebay <\/a>or Etsy <\/a>may be the only way to obtain some desirable domestic, or in some cases exotic imported, species that are not routinely commercially harvested.  The potential risks of buying in these marketplaces have to be balanced against the desire to work with a specific species of wood.  That is inherently an individual decision.<\/p>\n

I also realize that many, if not most, wood workers do not have endangered species lists memorized, therefore I think it worthwhile and important to do even a small amount of research before purchasing any lumber, domestic as well as imported, to be certain of the potential impact you are having, even in a small way, on threatened or endangered populations.  This information is easy to come by and takes only minutes to locate through any Internet search engine, including those you can access on your phone as you are standing in the lumber yard or store.  Unfortunately, you simply cannot count on a vendor to tell you a product they are selling is endangered.<\/p>\n

In the specific case of Bradford Pear, given its invasive nature and propensity to spread, utilizing the wood for craft purposes might prove to be a service to the natural world.<\/p>\n

Health Hazards<\/strong><\/h2>\n

No specific adverse health reactions have been noted with or attributed to Bradford Pear or European Pear.<\/p>\n

However, the long-term negative effects of exposure to sawdust of any species are well documented.<\/p>\n

It is important to remember that although many people may, or may not, be sensitive to any given wood the only experience that truly counts is your own, so use reported side effects as guidance but not as a substitute for cautious and safe practices.  Despite a lack of reported major health effects, turning a bowl blank of Timborana (Piptadenia spp.<\/em>) almost killed me through immediate respiratory distress followed by a multiple week long illness, and my father experienced a violent skin reaction to Australian Silky Oak (Cardwellia sublimis<\/em> or Grevillea robusta<\/em>) so caution is ALWAYS warranted.<\/p>\n

Appropriate protective equipment is therefore always recommended when working with this, or any other, wood, exotic or domestic, unless you have worked with the species before and are certain you are not sensitive to it.<\/p>\n

Also bear in mind that many of the negative health effects, although certainly not all of them, are associated with high volume contact among industrial users working in mills and other processing facilities where the amount of contact with dust and wood is much higher than would ever be realistic for a hobbyist user.<\/p>\n

Complete information about health hazards<\/a> associated with a wide variety of exotic hardwoods is available from The Wood Database<\/a>.  Additional information about how to best use a dust collection system and personal protective equipment, such as respirators, can also be found through this excellent and comprehensive resource<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Fortunately, I did not experience any adverse effects while working with Bradford Pear.<\/p>\n

I realize it could all be a coincidence but after the experience with Timborana I am taking few to no chances with potential wood allergies.  Just because a negative reaction hasn’t been officially reported and documented somewhere doesn’t mean you can’t experience one all the same.<\/p>\n

My Personal Experiences<\/strong><\/h2>\n

This bowl made from Bradford Pear started out as a green turning experiment.<\/p>\n

Green turning is a process in which a fairly wet blank is turned down to almost the desired finish dimensions, allowed to dry in a controlled manner, and then remounted on the lathe and turned down to the final desired dimensions, surfaced, and finished.<\/p>\n

A good rule is to leave 10% of the starting material such that a 10” square would be turned down to 1” walls to allow for distortion in the drying process.<\/p>\n

The drying process much be controlled to prevent checking, cracks, in the material.  Different woods dry at different rates with denser and harder woods generally drying more slowly, sometimes over literally years while some very dense woods are reported as never being completely dry at all.  There are multiple popular ways to control the drying process including kiln drying (quite uncommon for this purpose, but I have heard of it) boiling, and microwaving, all of which are potentially dangerous and\/or require special equipment.  More common methods employ different chemical sealants which can include anything including diluted water-based glue, wax emulsions, latex paint, or shellac.  Other specialty products act on a molecular level to displace the water in the wood cells and replace it with a chemical additive.  Regardless of the method employed, the goal is to SLOW the evaporation of water from the wood such that rate is slow enough that the wood does not crack but not to prevent the water from escaping at all.  Personally I use the commercial product Anchor Seal<\/a> for this purpose because it is very effective, readily available, easy to use, and cleans up with soap and water.  It is fairly expensive however but I don’t use large quantities at any one time.<\/p>\n

My Bradford Pear blank was rough turned in January 2016 and coated liberally with Anchor Seal, which was allowed to dry.  I then weighed the blank, noted the weight, and then reweighed the blank about once per month.  Once the blank stopped loosing weight and remained a constant weight for three months running, I judged that water lose had ceased and that the blank was ready to be remounted and turned to final dimensions.<\/p>\n

I was pleased that the rough turned blank had not distorted so wildly as to crack nor was it difficult to remount in on the Nova Chuck<\/a>.  It turned back to round easily enough and was hard enough to take a fine cut and finish with sharp turning tools with carbide cutters from the Easy Wood Tool<\/a> line.  The piece sanded nicely and I was quite pleased with the end results from this experiment in green turning and sealing.<\/p>\n

I did note what appeared to be inclusions in the edge of the finished piece that had the appearance almost of wood filler in a tone that didn’t quite match!<\/p>\n

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Bradford Pear Exterior Inclusions<\/p><\/div>\n

I knew perfectly well that I had not used filler and I couldn’t imagine that the vendor who had sold me the blank would have done so prior to shipping.  I took a high resolution photo and sent it to the guys over at Got Wood and asked if they had any idea what I might be seeing and they weren’t 100% sure but speculated that it might be insect damage of some sort.  Regardless of the cause I find the effect to be a nice one in that the piece is certainly unique and there will never be another bowl exactly like it.<\/p>\n

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Bradford Pear Interior Inclusions<\/p><\/div>\n

I enjoyed working with Bradford Pear and would gladly work with it again if the opportunity presented itself.  There are literally hundreds, if not thousands, or ornamental Bradford Pear trees planted near my house in rural northwestern Georgia and as people remove them when they fail, which they inevitably will, perhaps more Bradford Pear wood will enter the marketplace although I expect that many tree removal professionals are not aware that there is a potential market for the material and they may fail to make it available to smaller mills that would be pleased to have it for processing.  I have one additional rough turned Bradford Pear blank and it is entirely possible that I have additional stocks somewhere among my hundreds of blanks in various stages of drying, but as for now I couldn’t lay my hands on them.  Perhaps in years to come I will be pleasantly surprised to find additional stocks of this very nice and fun to work with wood either when one of my favorite wood suppliers restocks or when I find some hiding in my stacks and stacks of turning wood.<\/p>\n

As always, I wish all my readers a great experience in whatever their wood working interests happen to be and to those who like working with lathes especially, do a good turn today!<\/p>\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

I enjoyed working with Bradford Pear and would gladly work with it again if the opportunity presented itself. There are literally hundreds, if not thousands, or ornamental Bradford Pear trees planted near my house in rural northwestern Georgia and as people remove them when they fail, which they inevitably will, perhaps more Bradford Pear wood will enter the marketplace although I expect that many tree removal professionals are not aware that there is a potential market for the material and they may fail to make it available to smaller mills that would be pleased to have it for processing. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":175,"featured_media":2292,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[128,138,139,130],"tags":[154,171,181,183,266,200,204,210,217,239,240,247],"yoast_head":"\nBradford Pear - Wood Turning Pens ..<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bradford Pear is a common ornamental tree in the eastern United States which also produces an excellent turning wood for bowl making on the wood lathe\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.woodturningpens.com\/2287-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bradford Pear - 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